By virtue of the power granted to me as President, and in accordance with the Constitution and the laws of the United States, including the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (IEEPA), the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), section 604 of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended (19 U.S.C. 2483), and section 301 of title 3, United States Code, I hereby establish the following directive:
Section 1. Context. On April 2, 2025, through Executive Order 14257 (Regulating Imports With a Reciprocal Tariff to Rectify Trade Practices that Contribute to Large and Persistent Annual United States Goods Trade Deficits), I proclaimed a national emergency due to the alarming and ongoing U.S. goods trade deficits. To combat this unusual and significant threat, primarily originating from outside the United States, I imposed additional ad valorem duties deemed necessary for the protection of our national security and economy. In Section 4(b) of Executive Order 14257, I stated that “[s]hould any trading partner retaliate against the United States in response to this action through import duties on U.S. exports or other measures, I may further modify the [Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States] to enhance the effectiveness of this action.”
Subsequently, in Executive Orders 14259 (April 8, 2025) and 14266 (April 9, 2025), I adjusted the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) to increase the duty rate on imports from the People’s Republic of China (PRC), acknowledging the PRC’s announced retaliation against our earlier actions.
Section 4(c) of Executive Order 14257 also provided for potential reductions in duties should any trading partner take significant steps toward remedying non-reciprocal trade arrangements. Following the issuance of Executive Order 14266, the U.S. engaged in discussions with the PRC to address trade reciprocity and corresponding national security concerns, marking a notable shift in our economic relations.
In accordance with section 4(c) of Executive Order 14257, I have decided to modify the HTSUS to suspend for 90 days the application of additional ad valorem duties on the PRC, as specified in Annex I of Executive Order 14257 and adjusted by Executive Orders 14259 and 14266. This adjustment will replace the existing duties with a new ad valorem rate as articulated herein, under the terms established in Executive Order 14257, as modified by this order.
Sec. 2. Suspension of Country-Specific Ad Valorem Duties. Effective for goods entered for consumption, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, starting at 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on May 14, 2025, all articles imported into the customs territory of the United States from the PRC, including Hong Kong and Macau, will be subject to an additional ad valorem duty of 10 percent, with all applicable exceptions outlined in Executive Order 14257 and the Presidential Memorandum dated April 11, 2025. This 10 percent duty reflects (i) the suspension of 24 percentage points of the previous duty rate for an initial period of 90 days and (ii) the removal of adjusted duty rates imposed by Executive Orders 14259 and 14266.
Sec. 3. Modifications to Tariff Structures. In light of the PRC’s willingness to engage in discussions aimed at addressing the national emergency declared in Executive Order 14257, the HTSUS will be modified as follows:
Effective for goods entered for consumption, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, starting at 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on May 14, 2025:
(a) heading 9903.01.25 of the HTSUS will be revised by removing the article description and inserting “Articles the product of any country, except for products described in headings 9903.01.26–9903.01.33, and except as provided for in heading 9903.01.34, as provided for in subdivision (v) of U.S. note 2 to this subchapter . . . . . . ” in lieu thereof;
(b) heading 9903.01.63 of the HTSUS will be amended by removing “125%” wherever it appears and replacing it with “34%”;
(c) subdivision (v)(xiii)(10) of U.S. note 2 to subchapter III of chapter 99 of the HTSUS will also be amended by deleting “125%” and inserting “34%” instead; and
(d) the provisions in heading 9903.01.63 and subdivision (v)(xiii)(10) of U.S. note 2 to subchapter III of chapter 99 of the HTSUS will be suspended for a period of 90 days beginning at 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on May 14, 2025.
Sec. 4. De Minimis Tariff Reduction. To ensure that the reduction in duties as per section 2 of this order is fully realized and that the objectives of Executive Order 14257, as amended, are not compromised, it is necessary and appropriate to:
(a) reduce the ad valorem duty rate specified in section 2(c)(i) of Executive Order 14256 of April 2, 2025 (Further Amendment to Duties Addressing the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People’s Republic of China as Applied to Low-Value Imports), as modified by Executive Orders 14259 and 14266, from 120 percent to 54 percent;
(b) maintain the per postal item duty of 100 dollars established in section 2(c)(ii) of Executive Order 14256, as modified by Executive Orders 14259 and 14266, which has been in effect since 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on May 2, 2025, until further changes are enacted, regardless of the planned increase effective June 1, 2025, as specified in Executive Order 14256, as modified by Executive Orders 14259 and 14266; and
(c) amend the HTSUS, effective for goods entered for consumption, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, starting at 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on May 14, 2025, as follows:
(i) subdivision (w) of U.S. note 2 to subchapter III of chapter 99 of the HTSUS will be revised to replace “120 percent” with “54 percent”; and
(ii) subdivision (w) of U.S. note 2 to subchapter III of chapter 99 of the HTSUS will be amended by deleting “, and before 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on June 1, 2025. For merchandise entered for consumption on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on June 1, 2025, the applicable specific duty rate is $200 per postal item containing such goods.”
Sec. 5. Execution. The Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the United States Trade Representative, in coordination with the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy, the Senior Counselor to the President for Trade and Manufacturing, and the Chair of the United States International Trade Commission, are directed to take all necessary actions to implement and effectuate this order, in accordance with applicable law. This includes the temporary suspension or amendment of regulations or notices in the Federal Register and the adoption of rules and regulations as required. Each executive department and agency must take appropriate measures within its authority to enforce this order.
Sec. 6. General Provisions. (a) This order should not be interpreted as diminishing or affecting:
(i) the authority granted by law to any executive department, agency, or its head; or
(ii) the responsibilities of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget regarding budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) This order shall be executed consistent with applicable laws and subject to available appropriations.
(c) This order does not intend to, nor does it create, any enforceable rights or benefits, substantive or procedural, at law or in equity for any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other individual.
(d) The costs associated with the publication of this order will be covered by the Department of Commerce.
DONALD J. TRUMP
THE WHITE HOUSE,
May 12, 2025.
