Understanding the Risk of Stroke with Combined Hormonal Contraceptives
For many women, combined hormonal contraceptives are a common choice for birth control and managing menstrual cycles. However, recent research has highlighted a concerning risk associated with these contraceptives – stroke.
A study presented at the European Stroke Organisation Conference revealed that women who use combined oral hormonal contraceptives containing both oestrogen and progestogen are at a significantly higher risk of experiencing a cryptogenic stroke – a type of stroke that occurs without an obvious cause.
The Secreto study, which investigated unexplained strokes in young adults, found that women using combined oral contraceptives were three times more likely to experience a cryptogenic stroke compared to non-users. This risk remained significant even after adjusting for other factors such as obesity and migraines.
While the absolute risk of stroke with combined hormonal contraceptives is low, the population-level impact is substantial due to the large number of women worldwide using these contraceptives.
The Role of Oestrogen in Stroke Risk
Combined hormonal contraceptives contain synthetic versions of oestrogen and progestin. Synthetic oestrogen, delivered in higher doses than natural oestrogen, can increase the risk of blood clot formation. This effect, while beneficial for wound healing, can also lead to abnormal blood clots that may cause strokes.
In addition to clotting, oestrogen can slightly raise blood pressure and affect blood vessel behavior, further increasing the risk of stroke. The recent findings linking combined contraceptive use to cryptogenic stroke risk suggest that hormonal contraceptives may play a role in hidden risk factors related to clotting.
Making Informed Choices
While the risk of stroke with combined hormonal contraceptives is relatively low, it is essential for women to have access to accurate information about the potential risks and benefits of different contraceptive options. Understanding the context, such as the higher risk of stroke during pregnancy and postpartum, is crucial for making informed decisions.
Despite the risks, many women continue to use combined hormonal contraceptives due to limited alternatives and lack of comprehensive research on women’s health. There is a need for more studies that address the diversity and complexity of women’s bodies to improve safety and empower decision-making.
Ultimately, women have the right to choose the contraceptive method that best suits their needs. By providing comprehensive information and conducting more inclusive research, we can enhance women’s health outcomes and ensure that they are fully informed about their choices.
Written by Laura Elin Pigott, Senior Lecturer in Neurosciences and Neurorehabilitation at London South Bank University.
This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article here.
