BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
A PROCLAMATION
1. On July 1, 2025, the Secretary of Commerce (herein referred to as the Secretary) delivered to me an extensive report regarding the implications of timber, lumber, and associated wood products on our national security. Utilizing section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, the Secretary concluded that these import levels pose a significant threat to the security of the United States. The report outlined necessary actions to regulate these imports so they do not undermine our national well-being.
2. The investigation revealed that current wood product imports are undercutting our economic landscape, making it perilous for our domestic wood mills, disrupting supply chains, and hampering production capabilities. In simple terms, the United States may struggle to satisfy critical demands for wood products vital to our defense systems and crucial infrastructure. This intertwining of economic health and national security echoes the findings within section 232(d) of the Trade Expansion Act.
3. The Secretary underscored that wood products are indispensable across various sectors, serving as essential components in fortifying our national defense, sustaining economic stability, and maintaining robust industrial capabilities.
4. Specifically, wood products play a pivotal role in Defense Department operations, from constructing vital infrastructure for testing and storage to facilitating the transport of munitions. They also contribute significantly to missile defense systems. Moreover, these products support key infrastructures—such as communications, energy, and transportation—where deficiencies could cripple national security and public health.
5. Despite the plentiful domestic resources and capacity to create wood products, the U.S. wood industry remains underdeveloped. Meanwhile, a surge in imports signals a reliance on foreign sources, leading to vulnerabilities. Unfair trade practices and foreign subsidies threaten the competitiveness of American producers, deterring necessary investment and modernization. This over-reliance on imports erodes our industrial resilience and jeopardizes both security and economic stability.
6. The prevailing circumstances are pushing our wood industry toward increased plant closures, jeopardizing jobs, which contribute to rising costs and could hinder our ability to fulfill national security requirements for wood products.
7. Given these assessments, the Secretary proposed a series of actions, including necessary adjustments to the import of wood products to mitigate any threats to national security.
8. After reviewing the Secretary’s report and considering the relevant factors outlined in section 232, I agree that the current state of wood product imports poses a threat to our national security. Therefore, I have deemed it essential to implement a strategic plan involving tariffs to regulate these imports, ensuring that they do not undermine our security.
9. My proposal aims not just to protect but to rejuvenate supply chains, reinforce industrial strength, and create quality jobs. Moreover, we aspire to elevate domestic production of wood products to meet our consumption needs while enhancing our export potential. This framework will foster investment in innovation within the U.S. wood industry, bolstering our military’s capacity to produce crucial materials for defense.
10. To prevent the circumvention of the tariffs introduced in this proclamation and to maintain the objective of protecting U.S. national security, a process for identifying and imposing tariffs on additional wood products will be established.
11. To ensure effectiveness, we shall address the risk of undervaluation for certain imports, potentially leading to the application of add-on tariffs if such undervaluation is detected.
12. Aligning with the General Terms of the U.S.-U.K. Economic Prosperity Deal (May 8, 2025), we plan to collaborate with the United Kingdom to formulate a structured approach to tackle the national security threats emanating from the wood-products sector. Further, in line with agreements with the EU and Japan, the tariff rate applicable to wood products from these regions will not exceed 15 percent.
13. Section 232 empowers me to adjust imports of articles allegedly undermining national security, allowing for the execution of a planned response which may include negotiations with foreign partners and tariff impositions.
14. The Secretary and the U.S. Trade Representative recommend pursuing ongoing negotiations with foreign trading partners regarding wood products. Based on the Secretary’s report and other factors, I have resolved to include negotiations within our action plan, with the possibility of tariff adjustments contingent on these discussions.
15. Section 604 of the Trade Act of 1974 authorizes me to implement necessary tariffs and actions in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) to adapt to changing import circumstances.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, DONALD J. TRUMP, President of the United States of America, by authority vested in me by the Constitution and U.S. laws, including section 232, IEEPA, and section 604, hereby proclaim the following:
(1) Except as stated otherwise, imports of softwood timber and lumber, as outlined in Annex I, will be charged a 10 percent ad valorem duty.
(2) Certain upholstered wooden products listed in Annex I will incur a 25 percent ad valorem duty rate.
(3) Imports of kitchen cabinets and vanities, as specified in Annex I, will also face a 25 percent ad valorem duty, encompassing both complete units and component parts.
(4) Products subject to this proclamation will not be affected by tariffs defined in Executive Orders 14257, 14323, or 14329.
(5) The duties outlined will apply to goods consumed or withdrawn from warehousing post 12:01 a.m. eastern daylight time on October 14, 2025. Beginning January 1, 2026, the listed duty rates for the upholstery and cabinetry will increase to 30 percent and 50 percent, respectively, unless agreements addressing national security concerns are reached with specific nations.
(6) If a wood product incurs tariffs under both this proclamation and Proclamation 10908 (adjusting automotive imports), the latter’s tariffs will take precedence.
(7) Tariffs on imports from the United Kingdom will be capped at 10 percent, while those from the EU and Japan will collectively not exceed a 15 percent effective rate.
(8) Products falling under clauses 1 through 3 of this proclamation designated as “domestic status” since the effective date of this proclamation will only be admitted into U.S. foreign trade zones under “privileged foreign” status.
(9) The Secretary will continuously monitor wood product imports and review them concerning U.S. national security. Updates on hardwood timber imports will be provided to ensure that the imposed duty remains appropriate.
(10) The Trade Representative will engage in negotiations to safeguard national security with respect to imported wood products, providing me with status updates periodically.
(11) The Secretary, along with the U.S. International Trade Commission and U.S. Customs and Border Protection, will determine if modifications to the HTSUS are necessary to implement this proclamation.
(12) Given the actions laid out here and in light of previous executive orders regarding trade practices, certain tariff provisions related to wood products will be removed effectively from lacking future trajectory pathways.
(13) In accordance with applicable laws, the Secretaries of Commerce and Homeland Security are empowered to enact regulations necessary to effectuate the measures outlined in this proclamation.
(14) Tariff refunds will be available for duties levied in alignment with this proclamation.
(15) U.S. Customs and Border Protection may take appropriate actions related to tariff administration.
(16) The Secretary will create a process for reviewing additional wood products to include under the tariffs based on national security evaluations. The process may entail public requests for input from producers and interested parties.
(17) The Secretary will also devise a system to assess the risk of undervaluation regarding specific classes of wood imports, applying necessary tariffs as they relate to the findings.
(18) Inconsistencies with previous proclamations will be amended accordingly with the provisions of this proclamation upheld as valid and applicable.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have signed this proclamation on the twenty-ninth day of September in the year two thousand twenty-five, marking the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the United States of America’s independence.
DONALD J. TRUMP
Click here to view Lumber and Timber 232 Annex
