Cardiovascular health disparities persist in puzzling ways, studies find

Last week’s election results may have shifted the political landscape, but new research papers are once again highlighting the importance of addressing health disparities among different socioeconomic groups. These four papers, set to be published in scientific journals and presented at the American Heart Association’s scientific sessions in Chicago, shed light on the connection between individuals’ backgrounds and their health outcomes.

One study, featured in Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, focused on the disparities in health outcomes for Black and white mothers with preeclampsia. Preeclampsia, a condition characterized by high blood pressure late in pregnancy, disproportionately affects Black women, with rates 60% higher than in white women. Despite receiving pre-delivery cardiology care, Black patients were found to have a higher risk of serious cardiovascular events in the first year after delivery compared to white patients. This disparity in the effectiveness of cardiology care for Black patients underscores the need for further research and strategies to improve outcomes.

Another study, also published in Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, examined the prescription rates of weight loss drugs among Black and white veterans with obesity and type 2 diabetes. The research found that Black veterans were less likely than their white counterparts to be prescribed semaglutide, a medication with the potential to improve cardiovascular and metabolic health. These findings highlight the need for policies that prioritize equity in the allocation of crucial medications like semaglutide.

In a study published in Circulation: Heart Failure, researchers explored the factors influencing the uptake of quadruple therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. The findings revealed that individuals with adverse social determinants of health were less likely to receive this recommended therapy, despite its potential to reduce deaths by 73% over two years. The study also highlighted disparities based on race, ethnicity, sex, and insurance status, underscoring the importance of addressing social needs to improve health outcomes.

Lastly, a paper in the Journal of the American Heart Association examined the perspectives of cardiology fellows on diversity, equity, and inclusion efforts in their programs. While the majority of fellows believed that health equity and diversity were valued by their programs, some expressed concerns about the lack of support and sufficient curriculum addressing health disparities. The authors emphasized the need for continued efforts to promote diversity and inclusion in cardiology fellowship programs.

Overall, these research papers underscore the ongoing importance of addressing health disparities and promoting equity in healthcare. By understanding the factors that contribute to differential health outcomes among diverse populations, we can work towards creating a more equitable and inclusive healthcare system for all.