Chewing gum has long been a popular treat enjoyed by people all over the world. However, recent research has shed light on a concerning issue – the release of hundreds of tiny plastic pieces into people’s mouths while chewing gum. This revelation has raised questions about the environmental impact and potential health risks associated with consuming this rubber-based sweet.
A pilot study conducted by researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) found that chewing gum can shed microplastics into saliva. These microscopic plastic fragments, known as microplastics, have been increasingly found in various environments, including the human body. Researchers have discovered microplastics in the lungs, blood, and even the brains of individuals, sparking concerns about the potential health implications.
Lead researcher Sanjay Mohanty emphasized that while there is no direct evidence linking microplastics to harmful health effects, the study aimed to highlight a lesser-known route of plastic ingestion – through chewing gum. In the study, PhD student Lisa Lowe chewed seven pieces each of 10 different gum brands, with a subsequent chemical analysis revealing that a gram of gum released an average of 100 microplastic fragments, with some shedding over 600.
The researchers estimated that individuals who chew around 180 pieces of gum per year could be ingesting roughly 30,000 microplastics. While this may seem alarming, Mohanty pointed out that other sources of microplastic ingestion, such as plastic water bottles, far surpass the amount found in chewing gum.
The study also examined the composition of synthetic and natural gum, revealing that both types contained abundant microplastics. Synthetic gum, commonly found in supermarkets, contains petroleum-based polymers to achieve its chewy texture, though packaging typically does not disclose these ingredients. Natural gum, made from plant-based polymers like tree sap, also showed high levels of microplastics.
Despite the findings, experts like David Jones from the University of Portsmouth believe that the impact of swallowing a small number of microplastics from chewing gum is likely minimal. Chemistry professor Oliver Jones from RMIT University added that these microplastics would likely pass through the body without causing harm.
In addition to the potential health concerns, researchers also highlighted the environmental impact of chewing gum. Improper disposal of gum, such as spitting it out onto sidewalks, contributes to plastic pollution. The National Confectioners Association, representing gum manufacturers in the US, reassured consumers that gum is safe to enjoy, as its ingredients are approved by the FDA.
Overall, while the study raises important questions about the presence of microplastics in chewing gum, it also serves as a reminder of the need for further research and awareness surrounding plastic pollution. The study was presented at a meeting of the American Chemical Society in San Diego and is currently undergoing peer review before publication in a scientific journal.
