Uncovering the Mystery of the Denisovans: A Jawbone from Ancient Taiwan

Illustration of a Denisovan male from ancient Taiwan
Cheng-Han Sun
A recent discovery in Taiwan has shed new light on the enigmatic Denisovans, an ancient human group that has intrigued scientists since their initial identification in 2010. The fossil, a jawbone, was found by fishers in the Penghu Channel, adding to our understanding of this elusive species.
Denisovans were first recognized from a fossil fingerbone discovered in Denisova Cave, located in the Altai Mountains of Russia. Despite the scarcity of fossil remains, genetic evidence suggests that Denisovans interbred with modern humans and their DNA can still be found in certain populations today, particularly in East Asia.
The significance of the newly identified mandible lies in its geographical location, indicating a wider distribution of Denisovans than previously thought. This finding challenges existing theories about the migration patterns and genetic diversity of ancient human populations in Asia.
Article amended on 14 April 2025
We amended Kira Westaway’s comments on the dating of the fossil.