By the authority granted to me as President under the Constitution and the laws of the United States, I hereby issue the following directive:
Section 1. Purpose.
The leadership of the United States in the realm of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is crucial for enhancing our national security and economic supremacy across various sectors. In line with Executive Order 14179 from January 23, 2025, which aimed to dismantle barriers to American leadership in AI, I have annulled my predecessor’s misguided attempts that threatened to stagnate this vital industry. My Administration has made significant strides toward this goal, including revising existing federal regulations to facilitate the adoption of AI across diverse sectors. These initiatives have already yielded substantial benefits for the American populace and attracted trillions of dollars in investments nationwide. However, we find ourselves in the nascent stages of this technological revolution, racing against adversaries for leadership in this transformative field.
To achieve victory, American AI firms must innovate unimpeded by burdensome regulations. Unfortunately, excessive state regulation obstructs this necessity. First, the regulatory framework that varies from state to state creates a confusing mosaic of 50 different rules, complicating compliance, especially for emerging start-ups. Second, state laws increasingly compel organizations to integrate ideological biases into their models. For instance, a new Colorado statute prohibiting “algorithmic discrimination” might inadvertently mandate AI systems to yield inaccurate results to avoid any perceived “differential treatment” of protected groups. Third, some state laws improperly extend their reach beyond borders, infringing upon interstate commerce.
It is essential for my Administration to collaborate with Congress to establish a streamlined national standard—rather than a cacophony of 50 conflicting state regulations. This framework must explicitly prohibit state laws that contradict the principles outlined in this order. It should also ensure the protection of children, guard against censorship, uphold copyright laws, and safeguard communities. A well-structured national policy can secure America’s triumph in the AI arena, which is an imperative we must uphold.
In the absence of such a national standard, my Administration must take decisive action to address the most burdensome and excessive laws emerging from the states that threaten to stifle innovation.
Sec. 2. Policy.
The United States is committed to sustaining and advancing its global dominance in AI through a national policy framework that minimizes regulatory burdens.
Sec. 3. AI Litigation Task Force.
Within 30 days of this order, the Attorney General shall establish an AI Litigation Task Force tasked solely with challenging state AI laws that are inconsistent with the policy outlined in Section 2. This includes laws that unconstitutionally regulate interstate commerce, are preempted by existing federal regulations, or are otherwise deemed unlawful by the Attorney General. The Task Force will periodically consult with the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, the Assistant to the President for Science and Technology, the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy, and the Assistant to the President and Counsel to the President regarding specific state AI laws that may warrant legal challenges.
Sec. 4. Evaluation of State AI Laws.
Within 90 days of this order, the Secretary of Commerce, in alignment with their authority under 47 U.S.C. 902(b), will publish an assessment of existing state AI laws, identifying those that pose significant challenges to the policy articulated in Section 2. This evaluation will highlight laws that require AI models to distort their truthful outputs or that compel developers to disclose information in ways that violate the First Amendment or other constitutional provisions. Additionally, it may recognize state laws that encourage AI innovation in keeping with the policy set forth in Section 2.
Sec. 5. Restrictions on State Funding.
(a) Within 90 days of this order, the Secretary of Commerce, through the Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information, will issue a Policy Notice detailing the conditions under which states may qualify for remaining funding from the Broadband Equity Access and Deployment (BEAD) Program, preserved by my Administration’s “Benefit of the Bargain” reforms, as per 47 U.S.C. 1702(e)-(f). This notice will stipulate that states with onerous AI laws identified in Section 4 will be ineligible for non-deployment funds to the maximum extent permitted by federal law. Furthermore, it will explain how a fragmented state regulatory landscape for AI jeopardizes BEAD-funded deployments and the development of AI applications reliant on high-speed networks, ultimately undermining BEAD’s mission of providing universal, high-speed connectivity.
(b) Executive departments and agencies shall review their discretionary grant programs in consultation with the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, determining whether they can condition grants on states refraining from enacting AI laws that conflict with this order’s policy. For states that have already enacted such laws, grants may be conditioned on those states agreeing not to enforce these laws during the funding period.
Sec. 6. Federal Reporting and Disclosure Standard.
Within 90 days following the identification process specified in Section 4, the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission will, in consultation with the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, initiate a proceedings to evaluate the adoption of a federal reporting and disclosure standard for AI models that would preempt conflicting state laws.
Sec. 7. Preemption of State Laws Mandating Deceptive Conduct in AI Models.
Within 90 days from the date of this order, the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission will, with input from the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, issue a policy statement regarding the application of the Federal Trade Commission Act’s prohibition on unfair and deceptive acts or practices (15 U.S.C. 45) as they pertain to AI models. This statement will clarify the conditions under which state laws requiring alterations to the truthful outputs of AI models are preempted by the Federal Trade Commission Act’s restrictions on deceptive practices affecting commerce.
Sec. 8. Legislation.
(a) The Special Advisor for AI and Crypto and the Assistant to the President for Science and Technology will jointly prepare a legislative recommendation aimed at establishing a uniform federal policy framework for AI that would preempt conflicting state AI laws.
(b) This legislative recommendation will not propose the preemption of lawful state AI laws pertaining to:
- (i) child safety protections;
- (ii) AI compute and data center infrastructure, aside from general permitting reforms;
- (iii) state government procurement and use of AI;
- (iv) other topics as deemed appropriate.
Sec. 9. General Provisions.
(a) This order shall not be interpreted to diminish or affect:
- (i) the authority granted by law to any executive department or agency, or its head; or
- (ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget regarding budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) Implementation of this order shall be consistent with applicable laws and subject to the availability of appropriations.
(c) This order does not intend to, nor does it create any rights or benefits, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, their officers, employees, or agents, or any other individual.
(d) The costs associated with publishing this order will be covered by the Department of Commerce.
DONALD J. TRUMP
THE WHITE HOUSE,
December 11, 2025.
