A recent review published in The Lancet has shed light on the prevalence of a genetic risk factor for cardiovascular diseases in the global population. The study found that approximately 20% of individuals worldwide carry a genetic predisposition to conditions such as heart attacks, strokes, and aortic valve stenosis due to elevated levels of a lipid particle known as lipoprotein(a). This lipid particle is identified as the most common genetic cause of cardiovascular diseases.
Lead author Professor Børge Nordestgaard, a Clinical Professor at the University of Copenhagen and Chief Physician at Copenhagen University Hospital—Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, emphasized the significance of identifying individuals with elevated levels of lipoprotein(a) in their blood. He likened the impact of lipoprotein(a) on cardiovascular health to that of cigarettes on lung cancer, underscoring the importance of early detection and intervention.
With new medications in development aimed at lowering lipoprotein(a) levels significantly, Professor Nordestgaard stressed the importance of expanding global testing for this genetic risk factor. By identifying individuals who would benefit from lipoprotein(a)-lowering medication, healthcare providers can proactively manage and support these individuals in making lifestyle changes to reduce their risk of cardiovascular diseases.
The development of five drugs, including gene silencing therapy, shows promising results in lowering lipoprotein(a) levels by up to 98%. Clinical trials are currently underway, with initial findings expected to be published by 2026. These medications work by inhibiting the production of lipoprotein(a) in the liver, thereby reducing the concentration of the lipid particle in the bloodstream and potentially lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
The study underscores the importance of early detection and intervention in individuals with elevated lipoprotein(a) levels to reduce the burden of cardiovascular diseases globally. By leveraging advancements in medication and genetic testing, healthcare providers can better tailor interventions to individuals at heightened risk, ultimately improving cardiovascular health outcomes.
For more information, the study titled “Lipoprotein(a) and cardiovascular disease” can be accessed in The Lancet. This research highlights the critical role of genetic testing and personalized medicine in addressing cardiovascular diseases and underscores the need for increased awareness and testing for lipoprotein(a) worldwide.
