Recent studies indicate that a growing number of U.S. adults are experiencing significant difficulties with concentration, memory, and decision-making.
In 2023, over 7 percent of adults reported cognitive challenges despite not having depression. This marks an increase from slightly over 5 percent a decade ago, according to research published on September 24 in the journal Neurology. The trend of increasing cognitive disability began in 2016, with the most pronounced effect seen in younger adults aged 18 to 39, where the reported rate has nearly doubled to almost 10 percent.
These findings are based on data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a comprehensive yearly survey conducted by state health departments in collaboration with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). More than 4.5 million responses concerning brain health were collected during this research period.
It’s important to note that while these statistics are derived from self-reported data rather than clinical diagnoses, the increase could represent a significant public health issue. Previous studies have shown that older adults who report cognitive impairments are at a higher risk for future decline; however, the long-term implications for younger adults remain unclear.
Trends in Cognitive Disability Among U.S. Adults by Age Group
The survey highlights a notable rise in self-reported cognitive disability among U.S. adults without depression between 2013 and 2023. Whereas the prevalence among young adults aged 18 to 39 has surged to nearly 1 in 10, older individuals aged 70 and above report a slight decline in cognitive disabilities during the same timeframe.
The precise reasons behind this increase remain uncertain. According to Ka-Ho Wong, a population health scientist from the University of Utah and co-author of the study, increased awareness and reduced stigma may lead younger adults to be more forthcoming about their cognitive difficulties. He also suggests that symptoms of brain fog associated with long COVID could have contributed to this rise, although he believes it is not the sole factor.
Additionally, economic pressures, uncertainties in the job market, and an increased dependence on digital technology may also have an influence. For example, Wong comments that while older generations can easily recall their childhood landline numbers, many younger individuals struggle to remember their own cellphone numbers at times.
These findings emphasize the need for healthcare providers and public health officials to give greater attention to the cognitive health of young adults, Wong concludes. “It is crucial that we address these issues if they are reported,” he says.
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