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American Focus > Blog > Tech and Science > Skull of a 30-million-year-old apex predator discovered in Egypt
Tech and Science

Skull of a 30-million-year-old apex predator discovered in Egypt

Last updated: February 17, 2025 3:30 am
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Skull of a 30-million-year-old apex predator discovered in Egypt
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Approximately 30 million years ago, the lands of Egypt were rich with dense forests, home to a group of formidable carnivores known as Hyaenodonta. These big cat-sized predators, thriving after the extinction of dinosaurs, ruled the African ecosystems. However, their reign would eventually come to an end.

In the present-day desert of Fayum, Egypt, a team of scientists has unearthed a new species of Hyaenodonta with exceptionally powerful jaw muscles. This newly discovered species, named Bastetodon syrtos, is detailed in a study published on February 17 in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology.

Uncovering a Fossilized Treasure

Hyaenodonts like Bastetodon roamed the African landscapes long before the existence of modern-day cats, dogs, and hyenas. With sharp teeth resembling those of hyenas, they hunted primates, early hippos, elephants, and hyraxes in the ancient forests southwest of present-day Cairo. The desert of Fayum, where paleontologists were conducting research, holds a significant place in African mammal evolution.

The Fayum Depression, a region with 30 million-year-old rock layers, captures the transition from the warm Eocene epoch to the cooler Oligocene epoch. During their excavation, the team stumbled upon a remarkable find—a nearly complete skull of an ancient apex carnivore. This fossil, with its preserved sharp teeth and powerful jaw muscles, indicates a creature with a formidable bite force. The specimen is named after the cat-headed ancient Egyptian goddess, Bastet, symbolizing protection, pleasure, and good health.

Revisiting an Ancient Discovery

The discovery of Bastetodon led to a reevaluation of a group of lion-sized hyaenodonts first found in Fayum over a century ago. This new genus, named Sekhmetops in honor of the lion-headed goddess Sekhmet, sheds light on the African origins of these predators. The connection between Bastet and Sekhmet, both symbolically and scientifically, places Bastetodon and Sekhmetops within the same order of hyaenodonts.

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According to the research team, Bastetodon and Sekhmetops later migrated from Africa to other continents like Asia, Europe, India, and North America. Around 18 million years ago, some of their relatives became some of the largest carnivorous mammals on Earth. However, cataclysmic climate and tectonic changes during the Oligocene epoch led to the decline of specialized carnivorous hyaenodonts, eventually leading to their extinction around 25 million years ago.

Adapting to Changing Environments

The evolution and extinction of hyaenodonts provide valuable insights into the diversity of ancient predators and their global distribution. The discovery of Bastetodon marks a significant milestone in understanding the intricate relationships between these apex carnivores and their changing environments over time and across continents. The team is enthusiastic about continuing their research to unravel the mysteries of these ancient predators.

The world of online shopping has been growing rapidly in recent years, with more and more consumers turning to the internet to make their purchases. With the convenience and ease of shopping from the comfort of your own home, it’s no wonder why online shopping has become so popular.

Contents
Uncovering a Fossilized TreasureRevisiting an Ancient DiscoveryAdapting to Changing Environments

One of the biggest benefits of online shopping is the wide variety of products available. Whether you’re looking for clothing, electronics, home goods, or even groceries, you can find it all online. With just a few clicks, you can compare prices, read reviews, and make your purchase without ever having to leave your house.

In addition to the convenience of shopping online, many retailers offer free shipping and returns, making it even easier for consumers to try out new products without the risk of losing money if they’re not satisfied. This has led to an increase in online shopping, as consumers are more willing to take a chance on products they might not have considered purchasing in-store.

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Another benefit of online shopping is the ability to find deals and discounts that may not be available in physical stores. Many retailers offer exclusive online sales and promotions, making it possible to save money on your purchases. Additionally, online shopping allows consumers to easily compare prices from different retailers, ensuring that they’re getting the best deal possible.

While online shopping offers many benefits, there are also some drawbacks to consider. One of the biggest concerns for consumers is the security of their personal information. With the rise of cybercrime, many people are hesitant to provide their credit card information online. However, most reputable retailers have secure payment systems in place to protect their customers’ information.

Another downside to online shopping is the inability to try on or test out products before making a purchase. While many retailers offer free returns, it can still be a hassle to send back items that don’t fit or meet your expectations. Additionally, some consumers prefer the experience of shopping in-store and interacting with sales associates.

Overall, online shopping offers a convenient and efficient way to shop for a wide variety of products. With the ability to compare prices, find deals, and have items shipped directly to your door, it’s no wonder why online shopping has become so popular. While there are some drawbacks to consider, the benefits of online shopping far outweigh the negatives for many consumers.

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