The discovery of evidence of prehistoric hunter-gatherers being skilled seafarers who could make long and challenging journeys has opened up new insights into the capabilities of early humans. Researchers have found artifacts in Malta that suggest humans first inhabited the Mediterranean island 8,500 years ago, about a thousand years earlier than previously believed. The findings indicate that these early settlers crossed at least 100 kilometers of open ocean to reach Malta, showcasing their ability to navigate and voyage across vast bodies of water.
The discovery challenges the long-held belief that hunter-gatherers lacked the skill and intention to make intentional sea crossings. While there have been instances of earlier sea crossings by hominids, they were often considered one-off journeys possibly gone awry due to bad weather. However, the systematic seafaring abilities of Malta’s Stone Age inhabitants suggest a different narrative. The evidence of intentional and routine sea crossings by these early humans indicates their proficiency in maritime navigation and exploration.
Excavations at a site in northern Malta called Latnija revealed sediment layers containing traces of human habitation, including hearths, stone tools, and butchered wild animal remains. Radiocarbon dating of charcoal pieces and animal bones suggests that hunter-gatherers occupied the site for a millennium starting around 8,500 years ago. The stone tools found at the site were similar to those used by hunter-gatherers on the European continent at the same time, indicating a connection between Malta’s early inhabitants and their mainland counterparts.
Although no boat remains were found at the site, the discovery of ancient canoes in northern Italy provides clues about the type of craft that may have been used for sea crossings. These canoes, carved from single tree trunks and designed for seagoing with primitive outriggers, offer insights into the seafaring capabilities of early humans. Replication experiments with similar canoes suggest that these vessels could travel at speeds of about 4 kilometers per hour, making a 100-kilometer journey feasible within approximately 25 hours.
The research sheds light on the seafaring abilities of prehistoric hunter-gatherers and highlights their remarkable skills in navigating and exploring the open ocean. The findings challenge previous assumptions about the limitations of early humans and provide new perspectives on their adaptability and resourcefulness in ancient maritime environments. Ancient seafaring skills have long been a topic of fascination for historians and archaeologists alike. A recent study led by researchers from the University of Malta has shed new light on the seafaring abilities of Stone Age hunter-gatherers in the Mediterranean region. The study, which was published in the journal Nature, presents compelling evidence that these early humans were capable of navigating the open sea.
According to the lead researcher, Dr. Scerri, the hunter-gatherers would have had to navigate through the night, relying on their knowledge of the stars and currents to guide them. This suggests a level of sophistication and skill that was previously underestimated. The team also analyzed the DNA of an 8,000-year-old individual from Tunisia and found evidence of European hunter-gatherer ancestry. This genetic link further supports the idea that these ancient people were seafaring across the Mediterranean.
The discovery of European ancestry in an individual from Tunisia raises intriguing questions about the movement of people in the ancient world. It suggests that there were connections and exchanges between different societies in the Mediterranean region long before previously thought. Archaeologist Cyprian Broodbank, who reviewed the study, believes that this new evidence brings us closer to confirming these exchanges of people and technologies.
The findings also align with previous research that indicates the arrival of Stone Age farmers in Malta around 7,400 years ago. These farmers, who were transitioning away from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle, brought with them new agricultural practices and domesticated animals. It is speculated that the disruptions caused by the arrival of these farmers may have prompted some hunter-gatherers to seek refuge on the island of Malta.
Overall, the study provides valuable insights into the movements and interactions of ancient peoples in the Mediterranean region. It highlights the seafaring abilities of Stone Age hunter-gatherers and the connections between different societies in the distant past. As we continue to uncover more evidence from this period, our understanding of ancient seafaring and cultural exchange will undoubtedly deepen. The world of technology is constantly evolving, with new innovations and breakthroughs happening every day. One of the most exciting developments in recent years is the rise of artificial intelligence. AI is revolutionizing industries across the globe, from healthcare to finance to transportation.
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