In a recent perspective article published in Advances in Nutrition, researchers introduced the concept of “aeronutrients” – essential nutrients that humans can absorb from the air. While we typically think of nutrients as coming from our diet, this new idea suggests that breathing in clean air may also provide us with valuable vitamins and minerals.
Breathing is a constant activity that supplies us with approximately 9,000 liters of air each day. This continuous exposure to the components of the air we breathe adds up over time, potentially supplementing our diet with nutrients like iodine, zinc, manganese, and certain vitamins. Despite the fact that these nutrients are present in minuscule quantities in the air we inhale, they can still have a significant impact on our overall health.
The lungs play a crucial role in absorbing aeronutrients, as they can take in molecules that are 260 times larger than what the gut can absorb. This allows these nutrients to be absorbed intact into the bloodstream and brain, providing quick and efficient delivery to the body. In contrast, nutrients consumed through the mouth must first be broken down by the gut before entering the bloodstream.
Research from as far back as the 1960s has shown that exposure to certain airborne nutrients like iodine can lead to higher levels of these nutrients in the blood and urine. More recent studies have also demonstrated that children living in areas with higher levels of atmospheric iodine have lower rates of iodine deficiency, even when their dietary intake of iodine is similar to children living in other areas.
Other nutrients like manganese and zinc can enter the brain through the neurons in the nose, while special receptors in the olfactory and respiratory systems can bind to a variety of potential aeronutrients including choline, vitamin C, calcium, magnesium, iron, and amino acids. Additionally, aerosolized forms of certain nutrients like vitamin B12 have been shown to effectively treat deficiencies in individuals who have difficulty absorbing these nutrients through their diet.
Moving forward, further research is needed to explore the benefits of aeronutrients in natural settings like forests, oceans, and mountains. Controlled experiments can help determine the safety, dosage, and contribution of aeronutrients to our overall diet. This research is especially important in environments where air is heavily filtered, such as airplanes, hospitals, submarines, and space stations.
In conclusion, the concept of aeronutrients presents an intriguing possibility for supplementing our dietary intake with essential vitamins and minerals. By exploring the potential benefits of inhaling nutrients from the air, we may discover new ways to prevent nutrient deficiencies and improve overall health.
