The Impending Peril of Oversight Amid a Government Shutdown
As the partial government shutdown commenced on Saturday, the crucial oversight capabilities of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) find themselves in a precarious state. The department’s independent watchdog has issued a stark warning: a funding lapse could endanger ongoing investigations, leaving accountability hanging in the balance.
Currently, the DHS inspector general is embroiled in eight active investigations concerning the Trump administration’s immigration policies, which include scrutinizing the use of facial recognition technology and allegations of excessive force by Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents.
However, without funding, the Office of the Inspector General (OIG) has been compelled to suspend approximately 85 percent of its audits, evaluations, and inspections, according to their reports. This suspension could lead to significant gaps in oversight when it is most needed.
Political Stalemate on Funding and Reform
In a twist of political drama, Congressional Democrats are demanding substantial reforms within ICE and Customs and Border Protection before they consider funding DHS. Their proposed reforms include mandates for immigration enforcement agents to wear body cameras and display identifiable information such as ID numbers and last names. Yet, Senate Republicans and the White House refuse to budge on critical issues, such as a proposed ban on federal agents wearing masks, indicating the department may remain unfunded for at least another ten days.
Last June, Democratic lawmakers, including Senators Elizabeth Warren and Ed Markey from Massachusetts, urged Joseph Cuffari, the DHS inspector general appointed by President Trump, to investigate the use of force by ICE agents. They reiterated their calls for urgency earlier this month, particularly in light of the tragic fatalities of Renee Good and Alex Pretti during confrontations with federal agents in Minneapolis.
Shutdown Effects on DHS Operations
While Republicans express concern over the shutdown’s ramifications for vital DHS agencies such as the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), the public may not immediately feel the impact of the funding lapse. Representative Andrew Garbarino (R-N.Y.), chair of the House Homeland Security Committee, emphasized that “OIG investigations provide transparency and accountability,” warning that any funding delay jeopardizes these essential efforts. He urged Senate Democrats to negotiate earnestly to ensure that resources for DHS, FEMA, and TSA aren’t held hostage by political gridlock.
Conversely, ICE appears somewhat insulated from the funding fallout, having received billions in funding through the One Big Beautiful Bill Act last year. Nonetheless, the funding lapse presents potential hurdles for both Congressional members and investigators attempting to maintain oversight of the agency. Previous government shutdowns saw ICE quietly furloughing much of its congressional relations team and restricting lawmakers’ access to immigration detention facilities, raising concerns about transparency.
Impact on the Inspector General’s Work
With around 60 percent of the OIG workforce on furlough—including auditors, data scientists, and inspectors—only special agents and personnel funded through secondary sources, like the Disaster Relief Fund, can continue their work during the shutdown. This funding lapse could also jeopardize reviews regarding the Secret Service’s management of the July 2024 assassination attempt against Trump, as well as investigations into DHS’s cybersecurity and counterintelligence operations.
For years, the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency, an autonomous government body focused on oversight and accountability, has urged Congress to grant inspectors general the authority to continue their oversight functions during government shutdowns. Mark Greenblatt, a former inspector general, noted that while some criminal investigations can proceed, oversight reviews are often halted, wasting precious time on sensitive audits during these periods.
Allegations of Undermining Oversight Independence
Democrats have accused DHS Secretary Kristi Noem of trying to undermine the OIG’s ongoing investigations. Senator Tammy Duckworth (D-Ill.) warned in a recent letter that “repeated tacit threats from your Office of the Secretary to DHS OIG may have already succeeded in weakening DHS OIG’s operational independence.” This caution followed a meeting between Duckworth and Cuffari, during which she learned that DHS’s general counsel advised the OIG on several occasions that Noem possessed the authority to halt its investigations.
Under a 1978 law, cabinet secretaries can prevent the OIG from carrying out audits or investigations, should they deem these reviews a threat to national security. Duckworth pointed out that no DHS secretary has ever invoked this provision, yet its existence raises concerns about the potential for abuse of power in curtailing independent oversight.
