Dog owners are being urged to exercise caution when choosing a new puppy, as research has revealed a higher prevalence of serious breathing disorders in a wider range of breeds than previously known. Brachycephalic breeds, characterized by a shorter snout and flatter face, have seen a surge in popularity in recent years, leading to an increase in health issues associated with these breeds, particularly brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS).
BOAS is easily identifiable by noisy breathing and can result in difficulties with exercising, sleeping, and coping with heat or stress. While English bulldogs, French bulldogs, and pugs have been the primary focus of concerns regarding BOAS, a recent study by Francesca Tomlinson and her team at the University of Cambridge examined 898 dogs from 14 breeds to identify other at-risk breeds.
The study found that Pekingese and Japanese chin breeds had the highest risk of BOAS, affecting over 80% of dogs, while five other breeds, including the cavalier King Charles spaniel, shih tzu, Griffon Bruxellois, Boston terrier, and Dogue de Bordeaux, had a moderate risk. The researchers also discovered that factors such as being overweight, narrowed nostrils, extreme facial flatness, and other traits like very short or screw tails were associated with disordered breathing.
Tomlinson emphasizes the importance of selecting puppies from parents who have undergone proper health testing and educating oneself about the potential health implications of extreme bodily changes, especially in the face. While it’s not about eliminating breed characteristics, she suggests avoiding extremes and prioritizing breeding decisions that focus on both function and appearance.
Anna Quain from the University of Sydney warns that breeding dogs for flat faces predisposes them to chronic oxygen deprivation and heat stress, likening it to designing a car without a radiator. Paul McGreevy, also from the University of Sydney, highlights the widespread airway compromise in flat-faced dogs and stresses the need to prioritize welfare in breeding decisions.
While some concerns have been raised about the methodology of the study, Tomlinson defends the assessment process, stating that it includes objective criteria and a standardized protocol for grading. The aim of the exercise test is to evaluate how the airway responds under mild exertion, rather than assessing athletic performance.
In conclusion, the study underscores the importance of responsible breeding practices and informed decision-making when choosing a dog, emphasizing the need to prioritize the health and well-being of the animals over aesthetic preferences. By avoiding extremes in physical traits and focusing on functionality, the risk of breathing disorders in certain breeds can be reduced. The Age of Information: How Technology is Shaping Our World
In today’s modern world, we are living in the age of information. With the advancement of technology, we have access to more information than ever before. This has changed the way we live, work, and interact with one another. From the way we communicate to the way we consume news and entertainment, technology has had a profound impact on our daily lives.
One of the most significant ways technology has shaped our world is through the internet. The internet has revolutionized the way we access information, connect with others, and conduct business. With just a few clicks, we can access a vast amount of information on any topic imaginable. This has democratized knowledge, allowing people from all walks of life to learn and grow in ways that were once unimaginable.
Social media has also played a major role in shaping our world. Platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have connected people from around the globe, allowing us to share our thoughts, ideas, and experiences with others. Social media has changed the way we communicate, making it easier than ever to stay connected with friends and family, no matter where they are in the world.
Technology has also had a profound impact on the way we consume news and information. With the rise of online news sources and social media, we are constantly bombarded with information from a variety of sources. While this can be overwhelming at times, it has also made it easier for us to stay informed about current events and important issues.
In addition to changing the way we communicate and consume information, technology has also transformed the way we work. The rise of remote work and digital communication tools has made it possible for people to work from anywhere in the world. This has opened up new opportunities for collaboration and innovation, allowing businesses to operate more efficiently and effectively than ever before.
As we continue to advance technologically, it is important to consider the impact that these changes are having on our society. While technology has brought about many positive changes, it has also raised concerns about privacy, security, and the impact on jobs and the economy. It is important for us to continue to engage in conversations about how we can use technology responsibly and ethically to create a better world for future generations.
In conclusion, the age of information is here to stay. Technology has shaped our world in ways that we could have never imagined, and it will continue to influence the way we live, work, and interact with one another. It is up to us to harness the power of technology for good and to ensure that we are using it in a way that benefits society as a whole. Only then can we truly realize the full potential of the digital age.
