By the authority granted to me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, I hereby issue the following order:
Section 1. Purpose. Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), commonly referred to as drones, hold immense potential for enhancing public safety and solidifying America’s position as a leader in technological innovation. However, the rise of criminal enterprises, terrorist organizations, and adversarial foreign entities has led to the alarming weaponization of these technologies, posing new and significant threats to our homeland. Drug cartels, for instance, are exploiting UAS to facilitate the smuggling of fentanyl across borders, transport contraband into correctional facilities, monitor law enforcement activities, and jeopardize public safety. Mass gatherings are increasingly at risk from unapproved drone flights, while critical infrastructure, including military installations, faces a barrage of unidentified UAS incursions. It is imperative that we take swift action to maintain American sovereignty over our airspace and ensure its safety and security.
Sec. 2. Definitions. For the purposes of this order:
(a) the term “unmanned aircraft systems” or “UAS” is defined as per 49 U.S.C. 44801;
(b) the term “critical infrastructure” is defined according to 42 U.S.C. 5195c(e), encompassing systems and assets across all designated critical infrastructure sectors as outlined in National Security Memorandum 22, dated April 30, 2024 (Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience) (NSM-22); and
(c) the term Sector Risk Management Agency or “SRMA” is defined as per 6 U.S.C. 650 and further described in NSM-22.
Sec. 3. Policy. The United States is committed to asserting control over our national airspace and to safeguarding the public, critical infrastructure, mass gatherings, and sensitive governmental operations from the threats presented by reckless or unlawful UAS use.
Sec. 4. Task Force to Restore American Airspace Sovereignty. To aid in the control of our national airspace, I hereby establish the Federal Task Force to Restore American Airspace Sovereignty (the Task Force). Chaired by the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs (APNSA) or their designee, this Task Force will include principals or their designees from relevant executive departments and agencies as identified by the APNSA. The Task Force will review operational, technical, and regulatory frameworks and develop solutions to address UAS threats, consistent with applicable law, and provide recommendations for the implementation of all actions outlined in this order.
Sec. 5. Airspace Regulations to Protect the Public. The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is directed to:
(a) with regard to the rulemaking required by section 2209(f) of the FAA Extension, Safety, and Security Act of 2016, as amended:
(i) promptly submit a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and the Task Force to establish the legally mandated process for restricting drone flights over fixed facilities, interpreting critical infrastructure in alignment with this order; and
(ii) promulgate a final rule as swiftly as possible following the publication of the NPRM;
(b) conduct national security and homeland security assessments under section 2209 in collaboration with Sector Risk Management Agencies (SRMAs), the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Homeland Security, or the Attorney General, as appropriate, particularly when military installations or operations are involved, with the Secretary of Defense; and
(c) within 180 days of this order, provide online access to Notices to Airmen (NOTAMs) and Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs) in a format that facilitates drone geofencing and Aircraft Navigation and Guidance systems. This online information should complement, not replace, existing methods of promulgating NOTAMs and TFRs.
Sec. 6. Enhancing Airspace Sovereignty. (a) The Attorney General, in partnership with the FAA Administrator, will take the necessary steps to enforce relevant civil and criminal laws when drone operators pose risks to the public, breach established airspace restrictions, or utilize drones to facilitate other criminal activities;
(b) The Attorney General will consistently report to the President, via the APNSA, legislative proposals aimed at revising criminal penalties for violations of restricted airspace; and
(c) within 30 days of this order, as legally permissible, the Attorney General and the Secretary of Homeland Security will ensure that their respective departments’ grant programs allow otherwise eligible State, local, tribal, and territorial (SLTT) agencies to apply for funds to acquire UAS or equipment and services for detecting, tracking, or identifying drones and their signals, in accordance with the legal authorities governing those SLTTs.
Sec. 7. Detection, Tracking, and Identification of Drones and Drone Signals. (a) As permitted by law and in accordance with the Fourth Amendment, executive departments and agencies are encouraged to utilize all available authorities to deploy equipment for the detection, tracking, and identification of drones and their signals.
(b) Within 30 days of this order, the Attorney General, the Secretary of Transportation, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission will revise the August 2020 “Advisory on the Application of Federal Laws to the Acquisition and Use of Technology to Detect and Mitigate Unmanned Aircraft Systems” to incorporate relevant changes in Federal law and regulations regarding drones.
(c) Within 60 days of this order, the FAA Administrator will, to the extent allowed by law—including the Privacy Act of 1974 (5 U.S.C. 552a)—provide automated, real-time access to personal identifying information associated with UAS remote identification signals to relevant executive departments, agencies, and SLTT agencies for law enforcement purposes, with appropriate safeguards for national security and privacy.
(d) Within 60 days of this order, the Secretary of Homeland Security and the FAA Administrator, in coordination with other SRMAs, will publish guidance to assist private critical infrastructure owners or operators in the application of technologies for detecting, tracking, and identifying drones and their signals.
Sec. 8. Enhancing General Protections. Within 90 days of this order, the Secretary of Homeland Security and the Attorney General, in collaboration with the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Transportation, will present a recommendation to the President, via the APNSA, using a risk-based assessment as defined in 6 U.S.C. 124n(k)(8), regarding whether the northern and southern land borders; major airports; Federal facilities; critical infrastructure; and military installations, facilities, and assets should be classified as covered facilities or assets under 6 U.S.C. 124n and 10 U.S.C. 130i, and whether changes to the law would be warranted concerning such designations.
Sec. 9. Building Counter-UAS Capacity. (a) Within 30 days of this order, the Attorney General and the Secretary of Homeland Security will consider the integration of counter-UAS operational responses into Joint Terrorism Task Forces to protect mass gathering events.
(b) The Attorney General, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense; the Secretary of Transportation, acting through the FAA Administrator; the Secretary of Homeland Security; the Director of OMB; and the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission, will take prompt action to implement the recommendations from the March 2022 Feasibility Report to Congress regarding the establishment of the National Training Center for Counter-Unmanned Aircraft Systems (the Center). Upon its establishment, initial training will focus on enhancing Federal and SLTT capabilities to secure major upcoming national and international sporting events in the United States, including the FIFA World Cup 2026 and the 2028 Summer Olympics.
Sec. 10. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be interpreted to impair or affect:
(i) the authority conferred by law to any executive department or agency, or its head; or
(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget concerning budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) This order shall be executed in accordance with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any enforceable rights or benefits, substantive or procedural, for any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other individual.
(d) The costs associated with the publication of this order will be covered by the Department of Transportation.
DONALD J. TRUMP
THE WHITE HOUSE,
June 6, 2025.
