Former South Korean Prime Minister Han Duck-soo has been sentenced to 23 years in jail for his involvement in ex-President Yoon Suk Yeol’s declaration of martial law in December 2024. This landmark ruling marks the first time a former cabinet minister has been held accountable for criminal charges directly related to martial law.
The Seoul Central District Court found Han guilty of insurrection for his role in setting up a cabinet meeting that facilitated the declaration of martial law. The judge described Han’s actions as a “top-down insurrection” and noted that he also discussed plans to block the function of major institutions such as parliament as part of the insurrection.
Despite being a prime minister with democratic legitimacy and responsibility, Han chose to participate in the insurrection, putting South Korea at risk of regressing to a time when basic rights and democratic order were violated. The court found him guilty of engaging in key actions of insurrection, as well as charges of perjury and falsifying an official document.
Following the ruling, Han expressed humility and stated that he would accept the judge’s decision. He had denied wrongdoing on all charges except perjury, maintaining that he did not agree with or support Yoon’s declaration of martial law.
The 23-year sentence handed down to Han exceeded the 15 years sought by prosecutors and he was detained immediately after the ruling. His lawyer indicated that they would appeal the decision to the Supreme Court.
Han is a seasoned technocrat who has served in senior positions under five presidents. He briefly served as acting president after Yoon’s impeachment before facing his own impeachment for allegedly aiding Yoon in the martial law declaration. The Constitutional Court overturned his impeachment, allowing him to serve as leader before resigning to run in a snap election in June.
Yoon, who also faces legal troubles, was recently sentenced to five years in jail for obstructing attempts to arrest him following martial law. He has appealed this decision and faces another ruling on the charge of “masterminding an insurrection” in February. Prosecutors have sought the death penalty in this case.
The outcome of Han’s trial is seen as a victory for citizens opposed to martial law, with many expressing satisfaction with the court’s decision. Despite Han’s previous contributions to South Korea, his involvement in the insurrection has tainted his legacy in the eyes of the public.
