The escalating violence and control of criminal gangs in Haiti’s capital, Port-au-Prince, have pushed the Caribbean nation to the brink, according to senior U.N. officials. Ghada Fathy Waly, the executive director of the U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime, stated that gangs now have near-total control over the city, with an estimated 90% under their influence. Previously peaceful areas in southern Haiti are also experiencing a surge in gang-related incidents, while criminal groups are expanding into new territories.
Miroslav Jenca, the U.N. Assistant Secretary-General, highlighted the growing encirclement of Port-au-Prince by gangs, which is pushing the situation closer to a breaking point. The strengthening foothold of gangs in the capital and beyond is a significant concern, with reports of attacks against police and customs officials in key crossings like Belladere and Malpasse.
Since the assassination of President Jovenel Moïse in July 2021, gangs have increased their power, now controlling 90% of Port-au-Prince compared to 85% before the assassination. The lack of a functioning government has created a power vacuum that gangs have exploited, taking advantage of political turmoil and a disorganized security response.
The U.N. report covering the period from October to February highlighted how competing political ambitions and corruption allegations within transitional governing bodies have hindered effective action against the gangs. The expansion of gang territorial control not only provides them with more revenue and bargaining power but also serves individuals seeking to destabilize the political transition for their own gains.
In response to the deteriorating situation, the U.S. State Department issued a travel advisory for Haiti in September 2024, warning against visiting due to the high risks of kidnapping, crime, civil unrest, and limited healthcare. Additionally, the Trump administration designated two of Haiti’s most powerful gang networks, Viv Ansanm and Gran Grif, as foreign terrorist organizations and specially designated global terrorists in May.
The international community must take increased action to prevent the total collapse of state presence in Port-au-Prince, as the situation in Haiti continues to worsen. Without intervention, the country faces a grim future of continued violence and lawlessness.
